Extensor Tendon Injury
Injury to the tendons that straighten the fingers or thumb, ranging from a small closed rupture to an open laceration.
How the extensor system works
Extensor tendons run just beneath the skin over the back of the hand and fingers. Over the fingers they form a complex hood that coordinates motion across several joints.
Symptoms
A patient may notice inability to fully straighten one joint, a drooping fingertip, swelling, pain or abnormal finger posture. Partial injuries can preserve some motion and still be clinically important.
Diagnosis
Examination tests extension at each joint and looks for wounds, fracture and joint instability. X-rays are commonly used when a bony avulsion or associated fracture is possible.
Treatment
Selected closed injuries are managed with carefully designed splints. Open tendon lacerations, unstable associated injuries and some chronic deformities may require repair or reconstruction.
Rehabilitation
Extensor tendons can adhere and joints can become stiff. Splint position, timing of motion and hand therapy are important parts of treatment.
Late problems
Untreated or unrecognised injuries can lead to mallet, boutonnière or other imbalance patterns depending on the level of tendon disruption.