Joints & Ligaments of the Hand
Hand function depends on joints that move freely enough for dexterity while remaining stable under load.
Wrist joints
The radiocarpal and midcarpal joints work together to produce wrist flexion, extension and side-to-side motion. Numerous intercarpal ligaments coordinate the small carpal bones.
Finger joints
The metacarpophalangeal joints at the knuckles permit flexion, extension and some side-to-side movement. Interphalangeal joints mainly act as hinges.
Thumb joints
The thumb carpometacarpal joint provides opposition and circumduction. Its mobility is essential for pinch, but it is also a common site of osteoarthritis.
Ligaments
Ligaments connect bone to bone and guide joint motion. Injuries can range from a mild sprain to complete disruption with instability. Persistent pain after a ‘sprain’ may need specialist assessment.